Ebook Peak, by Robert Pool Anders Ericsson
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Peak, by Robert Pool Anders Ericsson
Ebook Peak, by Robert Pool Anders Ericsson
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For the first time in decades of groundbreaking research, the inventor of the 10,000-hour rule explains his techniques for developing mastery of any skill
We live in a world full of people with extraordinary abilities. Consider what Roger Federer can do with a tennis ball, or Connor McDavid with a puck. There are chess grandmasters who can play several dozen different games simultaneously--while blindfolded--and a seemingly unending supply of young musical prodigies who would have astonished aficionados a century ago. We are dramatically better at just about everything than we were just a generation ago.
���� We assume, though, that these peak performers are the lucky ones, the ones with a gift. That's only partly true. The fact is we are all lucky. We all have that gift. As Ericsson's whole career has shown, with the proper practice, we are all capable of extraordinary feats.
���� On the surface, the techniques that chess players use to develop their skills seem quite different from the methods soccer players use to perfect their games, which in turn seem quite different from how pianists improve their playing. But at a deeper level, they are all variations on a single fundamental approach to learning, what Ericsson, a world-renowned researcher, has named "deliberate practice": a simple, yet powerful system for enhancing learning.
���� This approach to expertise has the potential to revolutionize how we think about every sort of education and training. We are not limited by an endowment of natural talent. We create our own limits.
���� Whether you want to step up your game at work or on the weekend, or help your kid achieve athletic or academic goals, Ericsson's revolutionary methods will show you how to master almost anything.
From the Hardcover edition.
- Sales Rank: #4964059 in Books
- Brand: imusti
- Published on: 2016-04-21
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.45" h x 1.22" w x 6.38" l, 1.55 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- VINTAGE
Review
“[T]he principles they share regarding deliberate practice and education are sufficiently clear that teachers everywhere—as well as learners—should be able to apply them immediately and judge the results for themselves.”—The Objective Standard
From the Inside Flap
From the world s reigning expert on expertisecomes a powerful new approach to mastering almost any skill.
Anders Ericsson has made a career studyingchess champions, violin virtuosos, star athletes, and memory mavens.Peakdistills three decades of myth-shattering research into a powerful learning strategy that is fundamentally different from the way people traditionally think about acquiring new abilities.
Ericsson s findings have been lauded and debated, but never properly explained. So the idea of expertise still intimidates us we believe we need innate talent to excel, or think excelling seems prohibitively difficult.Peakbelies both of these notions, proving that virtually all of us have the seeds of excellence within us it s just a question of nurturing them properly. Peakoffers invaluable, often counterintuitive advice on setting goals, getting feedback, identifying patterns, and motivating yourself.Whether you want to stand out at work, improve your athletic performance, or help your child achieve academic goals, Ericsson s revolutionary methods will show you how to improve almost any skill that matters to you.
Peak offers more than just practical guidance, though. It demystifies the feats of many outstanding performers, from musical virtuosos to science prodigies to brain surgeons to entrepreneurs to professional athletes. It also offers compelling evidence that our schools are taking the wrong approach to education. And it shows us a convincing new view of the enormous potential we all possess.
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From the Back Cover
Most important books aren t much fun to read. Most fun books aren t very important. But with Peak, Anders Ericsson (with great work from Robert Pool) has hit the daily double. After all, who among us doesn t want to learn how to get better at life? A remarkable distillation of a remarkable lifetime of work. Stephen J. Dubner, coauthor of Freakonomics and Superfreakonomics
Ericsson s research has revolutionized how we think about human achievement. He hasfound thatwhat separatesthe best of us fromthe rest is not innate talent butsimply the right kind of training andpractice. If everyone would take thelessons of this book to heart, it could truly change the world. Joshua Foer, author of Moonwalking with Einstein
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Most helpful customer reviews
201 of 210 people found the following review helpful.
(Deliberate) practice makes perfect?
By Ashutosh S. Jogalekar
Anders Ericsson became famous for his work on what he called "deliberate practice", a set of recipes that could help someone gain expertise in an area. In this readable and well-researched book he expands upon this concept and brings several time-tested and scientifically reviewed ideas to bear on the search for perfection in our lives. Ericsson and his co-author Robert Pool are good storytellers and they pepper their ideas with dozens of case studies and examples from diverse fields like music, sports and medicine.
In the first part of the book Ericsson dispels the myth that most "prodigies" or experts achieve what they do by innate talent. I thought he was a bit biased against the truly brilliant individuals like Mozart which humanity has produced, but he makes the good point that even Mozart adopted certain strategies and worked very hard - often helped by his father - to become famous. Similarly Ericsson examines several other extraordinary individuals mainly in the realm of sports, music and recreational arithmetic such as Paginini, Picasso and Bobby Fischer and tells us of their intense and often grueling routine of practice. What he perhaps fails to mention is that even the intense ability to focus or to work repeatedly with improvement has an innate component to it. I would have appreciated his take on recent neuroscience studies investigating factors like concentration and mental stamina.
Once the myth of some kind of an innate, unreachable genius is put to rest, Ericsson explains the difference between 'ordinary' practice and 'deliberate' practice. In this difference lies the seed for the rest of the book. When it comes to deliberate practice, the key words are focus, feedback, specific goals and mental representations. Unlike 'naive' practice which involves doing the same thing again and again and expecting improvement, deliberate practice involves setting specific goals for oneself, breaking down complex tasks into chunks, making mental representations of paths leading to success, getting out of your comfort zone and getting constant feedback.
Much of the book focuses on those key last three factors. Mental representations are patterns or heuristics that allow you to become successful in a task and do it repeatedly with improvement. Ericsson provides examples from calculating prodigies and chess grandmasters to illustrate the utility and power of mental representations. Getting out of your comfort zone may sound obvious but it's equally important; helped in his narrative by neuroscience studies which illustrate how the brain strengthens neural connections in certain areas when you push yourself, Ericsson provides good tips for exerting yourself just a little bit more than you did the previous time when you attempt to get better at a task.
Lastly, he shows us how getting constant feedback on results is of paramount importance in becoming an expert. Ericsson calls this the 'Top Gun' method based on a reference to the elite US Navy pilots who became much better when they got feedback on their combat maneuvers at the Navy's Top Gun flight school. The lack of feedback can explain many seemingly paradoxical results. For instance Ericsson spends several pages describing studies showing that more experienced doctors aren't always necessarily better at diagnosis, mainly because they often work alone, don't change their methods and have no peers to provide feedback; in a nutshell, the work they put in daily contributes to ordinary practice but not deliberate practice. Doctors who made positive changes in all three areas were much better, and so can the rest of us. In fact it is startling to realize how little feedback we get from our daily work. Other studies from the areas of motivational speaking and business management showed similar trends; breaking up jobs into parcels and getting regular feedback on these can make an enormous difference.
As an aside, Ericsson offers a good critique of Malcolm Gladwell's book "Outliers" in which Gladwell made the "ten thousand hour rule" so popular; Ericsson cautions us that Gladwell misunderstood many details of that rule including its limited utility as an average and its inapplicability to some of the examples he cites in his book.
Overall I found the book very readable and interesting, with scores of recognizable and thought-provoking examples thrown in. The only caveat to deliberate practice is one Ericsson himself states in the middle of the book: it is mainly applicable only to "highly developed fields" like sports or music where there have been hundreds of years of published and known case studies and data and widely agreed upon metrics for the field, and where there are several world-class experts to whom one can compare themselves when trying to improve. Ericsson himself states that the principles for deliberate practice don't work as well for professions like "engineer, teacher, consultant, electrician and business manager". I would think that these professional titles apply to millions of people around the planet, so those people will probably benefit a bit less from Ericsson's principles. Nonetheless, in a world constantly competing with itself, Ericsson's book offers some timely and well-researched advice for self-improvement.
86 of 88 people found the following review helpful.
A remarkably practical book on how to get better at anything you do
By Dan Coughlin
Every once in a great while a book comes out that is so useful and so relevant for such a widely diverse group of people that I want to stand on my rooftop and yell, “Read this book now!” Fortunately, it’s way safer for me to just write about it.
Peak: Secrets from the New Science of Expertise by Anders Ericsson and Robert Pool is the book I encourage you to read. Quite simply, it explains in great detail how to continually improve performance in any type of activity. It also explains what it takes to be the best in the world at whatever you do. These explanations are not complicated or theoretical. This book is remarkably straightforward and pragmatic. And it is based on more than forty years of research into dozens of different types of performance.
I first became interested in the writings of Anders Ericsson when I read his concepts on expert performance, deliberate practice, and the 10,000-hour rule in the books Outliers by Malcom Gladwell and Talent is Overrated by Geoff Colvin. After that I read several books and articles by Ericsson and found them all to be intriguing, but also with an academic-orientation to them. Peak, on the other hand, was written for the general public and flows along very nicely from one idea to another. Anyone who wants to do anything better than they are doing it right now will benefit from this book. I’m recommending it to all of my clients, past clients, readers, and audience members.
Ten Reasons I Recommend Peak
Introduction
The opening question “Why are some people so amazingly good at what they do?” sets the stage for the whole book. Ever since I was in third grade I’ve read biographies and autobiographies to understand how people achieved great success. I was always more interested in learning about the journey than to know what it was like on the mountaintop. This book explains in detail the journey that expert performers go on to reach the mountaintop.
Chapter One
This chapter explains the value of purposeful practice.in expanding your physical and mental capacity for generating greater achievements in the future. It emphasizes the importance of taking small steps on a regular basis and gathering feedback on what you are doing effectively and ineffectively.
Chapter Two
Here you will learn how to specifically harness your mental adaptability to develop new skills and move beyond the status quo way of doing things. It also explains how your potential is not fixed, but rather is something that can be continually expanded.
Chapter Three
You learn the importance of mental representations, of actually seeing the level of performance that you are aspiring to reach. By visualizing the details of what needs to happen, you are able to see the pieces and patterns that are necessary for a great performance.
Chapter Four
This chapter explains in great detail the steps involved in deliberate practice, which is the absolute best way to improve your performance in any type of activity. I would try to explain my interpretation of deliberate practice here, but I think you would benefit a great deal more by really studying this chapter and learning the insights that Anders Ericsson developed over a lifetime of studying deliberate practice.
Chapter Five
A great explanation of how deliberate practice can be used in actual job situations regardless of the type of work that you do. I’ve found in my executive coaching sessions that guiding people through the steps of deliberate practice and showing how the principles of deliberate practice connect with their work situations helps them to move forward in a more intentional and effective way.
Chapter Six
This chapter shows how deliberate practice can be applied in everyday life situations whether you’re exercising, parenting, or enjoying a hobby. Literally anything you do you can learn to do it better the next time.
Chapter Seven
If you were ever wondering what it takes for a young person to go on to be world-class in any activity, this chapter explains what is involved. And it’s not for the faint of heart. Literally thousands and thousands of hours of deliberate practice over many years are required to become the best of the best at what you do. But if you’re goal is to be world-class, then this chapter explains how to do it.
Chapter Eight
This chapter explodes the myth of natural talent. It shows in detail that great performers always got there through extraordinary practice.
Chapter Nine
In this closing chapter, Ericsson and Pool guide the reader to think about the future of a world that applies deliberate practice on a regular basis and its impact on education, medicine, health, and relationships. Imagine a world where performance in every area of life gets better and better. They close their book with a new concept, Homo exercens rather than Homo sapiens. They wrote, “Perhaps a better to see ourselves would be as Homo exercens, or ‘practicing man,’ the species that takes control of its life through practice and makes of itself what it will.”
Conclusion
Peak: Secrets from the New Science of Expertise by Anders Ericsson and Robert Pool is literally the work of a lifetime, or possibly two lifetimes. It is filled with intriguing ideas and processes to become more effective in any area of life and any type of performance. It will be a permanent member of my all-time recommended books.
21 of 21 people found the following review helpful.
Greatly disappointed by this long
By phil
Greatly disappointed by this long, repetitious book that is more a resume for the authors than anything you might be able to apply in your own life. I can accurately summarize his findings in a few bullets. Most are so obvious as to be practically worthless:
- top experts practice more than those who are merely very good
- get an expert teacher and get lots of feedback
- practice skills, not acquiring knowledge which will comes as a result of using those skills
- but make sure you analyze so you know exactly what those skills are (he gives scant advice as to how, just examples of others who have magically done this)
- do deliberate practice, not merely practice. Again, he does a very poor job saying what this is or how to do it, just gives examples of others who have apparently done it. In short, deliberate practice means focusing on the hard parts and doing them until they're easy; but make sure you pick the right things to practice.
The author asserts constantly that talent doesn't exist, you just have to do deliberate practice. He never addresses the physical gifts that only some have that will most benefit from deliberate practice. (My example: you can practice the skyhook for 10,000 hours of deliberate practice with Kareem himself as your coach, but you'll never ever play in the NBA unless you have somehow been blessed with extraordinary physical prowess.)
The author never - and to me, this was the most important and frustrating thing about this book - he never talks about the many thousands of individuals who HAVE done some approximation of thousands of hours of deliberate practice, plus had expert coaching from any early age, plus dedicated their lives to becoming expert in their field - I'm thinking of musicians who could never rise to the level of being famous enough to pay their bills - yet never rose above being merely proficient. I've known two world famous musicians, and I can tell you: they're not like you and me! They've got something that they did not get merely as a result of deliberate practice. The author only asserts, repeatedly, that true experts all had to do many thousands of hours of deliberate practice; but never distinguishes why it works for some and not for most.
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